Detroit Deck Permit: BSEED Requirements, Costs & Process

Planning to build a deck in Detroit? You'll likely need a permit from the Buildings, Safety Engineering, and Environmental Department (BSEED). This guide walks you through Detroit's specific requirements, costs, and the entire permit process, saving you time and potential headaches.

Do You Need a Deck Permit in Detroit?

Generally, if your deck is more than 30 inches above grade (ground level) or attached to your house, you'll need a permit in Detroit. Even if your deck is lower, it's always best to check with BSEED to avoid potential fines or stop-work orders. Remember, ignoring permit requirements can lead to costly rework down the line.

Here's a quick breakdown:

• No Permit Required: Decks less than 30 inches above grade and not attached to the house might not need a permit. Double-check with BSEED.
• Permit Required: Decks more than 30 inches above grade or attached to the house.

Detroit BSEED Deck Permit Requirements

Detroit follows the Michigan Residential Code (MRC), which dictates the minimum safety standards for deck construction. BSEED enforces these codes locally. Here's what you need to know:

Required Documents

You'll need to submit the following to BSEED:

• Completed Permit Application: Obtain this from the BSEED website or in person.
• Detailed Site Plan: Show the location of your property, the proposed deck, property lines, and any easements. Detroit lot sizes vary greatly, from narrow city lots in neighborhoods like Corktown to larger properties in Palmer Woods. Accurate site plans are essential.
• Construction Drawings (Blueprints): These must detail the deck's design, including dimensions, materials, and structural elements like footings, posts, beams, and joists. Your drawings should clearly show compliance with the MRC.
• Soil Investigation Report (Potentially): BSEED may require a soil report in certain areas of Detroit with known soil issues.
• Homeowner Affidavit (If Applicable): If you're the homeowner and acting as your own contractor, you'll need to sign an affidavit.
• Contractor License (If Applicable): If using a contractor, they must be licensed and insured in Detroit.

Key Code Requirements

• Footings: Must extend below the frost line, which is 42 inches deep in southern Michigan, including Detroit. Footing size depends on the deck's size and load.
• Post Size and Spacing: Determined by the height of the deck and the load it will bear.
• Beam Size and Span: Also determined by load and span.
• Joist Size and Spacing: Critical for deck board support.
• Guardrails: Required for decks 30 inches or more above grade. Must be at least 36 inches high and have infill spacing that prevents a 4-inch sphere from passing through.
• Stair Requirements: If your deck has stairs, they must meet specific requirements for rise, run, and handrails.
• Ledger Board Attachment: If attaching the deck to your house, the ledger board must be properly attached to the house framing. Older Detroit homes may require additional structural verification.
• Material Standards: Lumber must be pressure-treated for ground contact and meet specific grade requirements.

Common Detroit Deck Issues

• Improper Footings: Not digging deep enough footings is a common mistake, leading to deck movement and potential collapse.
• Inadequate Ledger Board Attachment: Improperly attaching the ledger board to the house can cause structural failure.
• Incorrect Joist Spacing: Using joists that are too small or spaced too far apart can lead to bouncy or sagging decks.
• Non-Compliant Railings: Railings that are too low or have excessive spacing can be a safety hazard.

Detroit Deck Permit Costs

The cost of a deck permit in Detroit varies depending on the size and complexity of the project. BSEED permit fees are generally higher than in many surrounding suburbs.

Expect to pay at least $150, and potentially upwards of $500+ for larger, more complex deck projects. Contact BSEED directly for an accurate quote based on your specific plans.

Here's a general cost breakdown:

Beyond permit fees, remember to factor in the cost of the deck itself. In Michigan, expect to pay:

Use PaperPlan (paperplan.app) to visualize your deck with PaperPlan design with different materials and layouts before committing to a contractor and finalizing your permit application. This can help you optimize your design for both aesthetics and budget.

Detroit Deck Permit Process: Step-by-Step

1. Plan Your Deck: Design your deck, taking into account your property lines, desired size, and local building codes.
2. Create Detailed Drawings: Prepare detailed construction drawings that meet BSEED requirements.
3. Gather Required Documents: Collect all necessary documents, including the permit application, site plan, and construction drawings.
4. Submit Your Application: Submit your application and supporting documents to BSEED. This can often be done online or in person.
5. Plan Review: BSEED will review your plans to ensure they comply with the Michigan Residential Code. This can take several weeks.
6. Permit Approval: If your plans are approved, you'll receive a permit.
7. Schedule Inspections: Schedule the required inspections with BSEED. Typically, you'll need inspections for footings, framing, and final completion.
8. Build Your Deck: Construct your deck according to the approved plans.
9. Pass Inspections: Ensure you pass all required inspections.
10. Final Approval: Once you've passed all inspections, you'll receive final approval for your deck.

BSEED Contact Information

• Address: Coleman A. Young Municipal Center, 2 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI 48226
• Phone: (313) 224-2733
• Website: Check the City of Detroit website for the most up-to-date information and forms.

Tips for a Smooth Detroit Deck Permit Process

• Start Early: The permit process can take several weeks, so start planning well in advance of when you want to start building. The best build months in Michigan are typically May through October.
• Be Thorough: Make sure your application and drawings are complete and accurate to avoid delays.
• Communicate with BSEED: Don't hesitate to contact BSEED with any questions you have.
• Hire a Qualified Contractor: A good contractor will be familiar with Detroit's permit requirements and can help you navigate the process. See "Best Deck Builders in Detroit: How to Find the Right Contractor" for tips on finding a reputable local builder.
• Address Moisture Concerns: Detroit's climate has high humidity and freeze-thaw cycles. Composite decking handles this better than wood. Ensure proper ventilation under your deck to prevent moisture buildup.
• Pest Control: Carpenter ants and termites are present in southern Michigan. Use pressure-treated lumber rated for ground contact.

Dealing with Older Homes in Detroit

Detroit has a large stock of older homes, particularly in neighborhoods like Indian Village, Rosedale Park, and Boston-Edison. When adding a deck to an older home, you may encounter unique challenges:

• Unforeseen Structural Issues: Older homes may have hidden structural problems that need to be addressed before building a deck.
• Non-Standard Framing: The framing in older homes may not be standard, requiring custom deck designs.
• Lead Paint and Asbestos: Be aware of potential lead paint or asbestos hazards when working on older homes.
• Historical District Regulations: If your home is in a historical district, you may need to obtain additional approvals from the Historic District Commission. Ann Arbor also has stringent historic district requirements.

Detroit Climate Considerations

Michigan's climate presents specific challenges for deck construction:

• Heavy Snow Load: Detroit receives significant snowfall, especially during lake-effect events. Your deck must be designed to withstand the weight of the snow. Areas closer to Lake Michigan, like Grand Rapids, Muskegon and Traverse City, face even greater lake-effect snow.
• Freeze-Thaw Cycles: The constant freezing and thawing can damage deck materials. Choose durable materials and ensure proper drainage.
• High Humidity: High humidity can promote mold and mildew growth. Use pressure-treated lumber and consider composite decking.

Getting a deck permit in Detroit can seem daunting, but by understanding the requirements and following the steps outlined in this guide, you can navigate the process successfully and enjoy your new outdoor space.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I need a permit to replace deck boards in Detroit?

Generally, replacing deck boards on an existing structure doesn't require a permit, as long as you're not altering the structure or increasing the size of the deck. However, it's always best to confirm with BSEED to be sure.

How long does it take to get a deck permit in Detroit?

The plan review process can take anywhere from 2 to 6 weeks, depending on the complexity of the project and the current workload of BSEED.

Can I build a deck myself in Detroit?

Yes, you can build a deck yourself in Detroit as a homeowner. You'll need to sign a homeowner affidavit and comply with all building codes. However, unless you have significant experience, it's generally recommended to hire a licensed contractor.

What happens if I build a deck without a permit in Detroit?

Building a deck without a permit can result in fines, stop-work orders, and even the requirement to tear down the deck. It's always best to obtain the necessary permits before starting construction.

How close to my property line can I build a deck in Detroit?

Setback requirements vary depending on your zoning district. Consult the Detroit zoning ordinance or contact BSEED for specific setback requirements for your property. Many Michigan lakefront properties also have additional setback rules enforced by the state (DEQ/EGLE).

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